TOPOLOGY

Topology is special programming applied to GIS data so that the features have “Intelligent” connections with other features. Basically, topology is the mathematical procedure for defining spatial relationship.

TOPOLOGY TABLES 1

If the distance between the start and end sites is needed, topology calculates chain lengths and adds the ones used in the path. The coordinates can be translated into actual distances and then simply added to given total path distance.

MULTIPLE CONNECTIVITY

          Multiple connectivity can work on an integrated set of line features, called a “Network”. In road network included lengths and total distance. When combined with GPS, there are even more uses, such as in-car routing and directions, enhanced emergency response, transportation planning, and more efficient delivery system.